The agricultural efficiency of the Netherlands is 1,000 times that of China. What are the reasons for the high quality and high yield of agriculture?

    In terms of land area and population, the Netherlands is a small country, but it is a big agricultural country in the world. From the perspective of world agriculture, the Netherlands is the “world champion” in the net export of agricultural products, and is the winner of many world agricultural “gold medals”: the world’s agricultural product export rate, land productivity, and world-class facility agriculture. The world-renowned "agricultural miracle".

    So, what are the reasons for the high quality and high yield of Dutch agriculture?

    1. High standard glass smart greenhouse

    The Dutch facility cultivation is based on high-standard multi-span greenhouses, using advanced cultivation techniques and supporting modern hardware equipment to increase the yield per unit area, and its vegetable crop yield level is in the world's leading position.

    After years of development, the glass greenhouse in the Netherlands has become very mature. Take the Red Harvest farm as an example. The greenhouse of this farm was built in 2009, and the structure is a typical Venlo-type all-glass greenhouse. This type of greenhouse has a high ridge height, which can not only meet the needs of the hanging wire cultivation system in the greenhouse, but also increase the buffer space. , Maintain a stable indoor environment. In addition, the area of a single greenhouse in the Netherlands is generally larger, which facilitates the realization of large-scale and mechanized management while increasing the buffer capacity.

    2. Intelligent environmental control system

    In terms of environmental control, all Dutch greenhouses adopt automatic control, which can realize automatic monitoring, recording and regulation of environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and CO concentration in the greenhouse, so as to provide suitable environmental conditions for tomato growth.

    3. Light management

    Illumination is one of the key factors to satisfy the growth of crops. Under the conditions that other factors are met, an increase of 1% of light means an increase of 1% of yield. Pay attention to glass cleaning, generally cleaning 8-10 times a year to ensure that the light transmittance of the greenhouse can reach more than 70%; in addition, the Dutch greenhouse generally does not have external shading, and there is generally only one layer of thermal insulation inside, which also serves as internal shading, which greatly improves Light transmission efficiency; about 20% of greenhouses in the Netherlands are equipped with fill light.

    4. Heating management

    The heating method for greenhouse tomato production is mainly hot water pipe heating, and the hot water pipe at the bottom of the greenhouse is also used as the traveling track of the rail car. The hot water in the Netherlands is mainly heated by natural gas boilers, which can be automatically controlled by a computer. The heating boiler can be turned on or off at any time to meet the temperature conditions in the greenhouse.

    5. Ventilation and cooling management

    The ventilation and cooling system mainly includes greenhouse skylights, circulating fans, internal shading and other equipment. The ventilation and cooling in the greenhouse are mainly realized by opening the skylights on the roof of the greenhouse. The modern multi-span greenhouse can control whether the skylights are opened and the opening angle according to factors such as time, temperature in the greenhouse, external light conditions, indoor humidity conditions, etc.; to ensure the uniform climate in the greenhouse.

    6. Carbon dioxide concentration management

    The greenhouse production is equipped with a CO increase application system, which can maintain the CO concentration in the greenhouse at about 900 μmol/mol and increase the output by more than 30%. CO is produced by natural gas boiler heating and is an accessory to greenhouse heating.

    7. Early warning mechanism

    Take tomato production on the Red Harvest farm as an example. The plant protection specialist on the farm regularly monitors pests and diseases every week. When a disease occurs or the pest exceeds the scope of natural enemy control, pesticides will be used to prevent and control them in time.

Through this article to understand the construction of greenhouses and planting and maintenance technology in the Netherlands, we can take the essence of the dross and find a way suitable for my country's agricultural development, so as to better promote rural development and the revitalization of rural agriculture.