Tomato planting management should keep up after the beginning of summer

    After the beginning of summer, the early spring greenhouse vegetables enter the peak fruiting period, and it is the season for harvesting and listing; the spring greenhouse vegetables enter the flowering and fruiting period, and the open-field fast-ripening vegetables begin to be harvested, but it is also a high incidence period of diseases and insect pests for vegetables in protected areas. The main agricultural management of vegetable fields cannot be relaxed.

     1. Adjust the suitable growth environment

    Although the temperature of the beginning of summer solar term rises, it changes greatly. It is necessary to adjust the temperature and air humidity suitable for growth and development in time according to the external climate change and different crops. During the flowering period of tomatoes, the suitable temperature is 25-30 °C during the day and 20-15 °C at night, lower than 15 °C or higher than 35 °C, which are easy to cause flower drop or physiologically deformed fruit. Therefore, if the temperature is too high, shade or increase ventilation during the day. If the temperature is too low, it should be covered with film at night. The suitable temperature difference between day and night is 12-20℃.

    Second, strengthen watering, top dressing

    According to the weather conditions, plant growth and soil conditions, water and top-dressing fertilizers are used to meet the needs of growth. The top-dressing fertilizers should vigorously promote the integration of water and fertilizer technology, and it is advisable to apply instant fertilizers with comprehensive nutrition and reasonable ratio along with drip irrigation.

     3. Plant management

    Carry out the management of hanging vines, winding vines, falling seedlings, pruning and forking in a timely manner. For cucumbers and tomatoes, the method of continuously falling seedlings is used to prolong the results of the plants, and the lower yellow leaves, old leaves and diseased leaves are removed in time; tomatoes are the first When the ear fruit grows to the green maturity stage (when it begins to turn white and no longer grows), knock off the lower leaves to prevent downy mildew from being infected due to poor ventilation. Tomatoes are suitable for retaining about 16 functional leaves per plant, in order to ensure the demand of photosynthetic products for plant growth and fruit expansion.

    Pruning and budding is an important technical measure to artificially adjust the vegetative growth and reproductive growth of plants. Generally, the double-trunk pruning method is adopted, that is, in addition to the main trunk, one strong lateral bud at the bottom of the inflorescence is left to form a fruiting lateral branch, and all other leaf buds are removed. Depending on the growth of the plant, topping can be done in time. When the lateral bud is about 3.3 cm long, it should be removed in time. Too early or too late is not conducive to the growth and development of the plant. It is not suitable to remove the bud on rainy days to prevent infection.

    4. Fruit management

    To strengthen auxiliary pollination and flower thinning and fruit thinning, natural pollination methods are used to maintain the flavor and quality of tomatoes. Oscillating pollinators can be used to assist pollination, or two boxes of bumblebees can be released per acre to assist pollination. Tomatoes should be sprayed with oscillatory pollinators or regulators when 3-4 flowers are opened in each ear. If the flowers are sprayed when 1-2 flowers are just opened, only 1-2 fruits will be produced in this ear and the yield will be affected. . Thin out excess flowers and fruit early.

    5. Harvest the fruit in time after maturity

    It can not only improve the commodity rate, but also prevent the fruit from falling and affecting the plant to continue to bear fruit. It is advisable to harvest in the early morning every day, which can improve the nutrient quality, taste and flavor of the fruit. Cut them with scissors when picking to prevent the plants from being ripped off and easily infected with diseases when picking them by hand. When picking, handle with care to avoid damage to the fruit and reduce the quality of the product. If you use bamboo baskets or vitex baskets, you should use soft paper or agricultural film pads to prevent the fruit from being pierced; it should also be sold according to the size of the fruit.