Technology-enabled vegetable baskets have more appearance and output value

Solar greenhouses, plastic greenhouses... All kinds of facility agriculture are not unfamiliar to Chinese people. With the help of facility agriculture, all kinds of vegetables, fruits and flowers enrich people's dining table and life despite the cold and heat. In March of this year, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized when he visited the members of the agricultural, social welfare and social security circles who participated in the fifth session of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, "Ask for food from facility agriculture."

Facility agriculture makes a significant contribution to vegetable supply

"Facility agriculture is actually a way to optimize and create an environment suitable for animal and plant growth and increase its output by changing natural resources such as light, temperature, water and soil through artificial technical means. It is precisely relying on facility agriculture that Northwest dryland agriculture has become my country's grain output. The fastest growing area is another example of the highly integrated modern facility agriculture - plant factory, which integrates biotechnology, engineering technology and system management, so that agricultural production can be freed from the constraints of resource production.

my country is a veritable nation of facility agriculture. Data show that my country's facility agriculture area reaches more than 42.7 million mu, accounting for more than 80% of the world's total facility agriculture area, of which facility vegetables account for 81%. "The combination of production in these facilities and open-field production, combined with market allocation and transportation and circulation system, basically meets the annual supply of vegetables in my country, and also makes the history of the people in the north who can only eat cabbage, radishes and potatoes in winter is gone forever. contribute.

The problems of low unit yield and low level of mechanization are prominent

At present, there are about 30 kinds of vegetables, such as cucumbers, tomatoes, peppers, etc., which are produced in facility agriculture all year round in our country. Compared with developed countries, the yield level of my country's facility agriculture is relatively low. Take cucumber, which is widely grown in most domestic solar greenhouses as an example, its annual output per mu is only one-fourth of that in developed countries. The tomato yield produced in some foreign greenhouses can reach 3 to 5 times that of my country.

Why does such a gap arise? Insufficient technological innovation capability is a major factor. The development of facility agriculture requires specialized vegetable varieties, and these varieties need to have the characteristics of low temperature resistance, low light resistance, and premature aging resistance. However, there are currently very few vegetable varieties dedicated to facilities in my country, and some high-end vegetable varieties such as tomatoes and peppers are heavily dependent on imports. For example, the imported cherry tomato "Summer Sunshine" in the facility vegetables sells for more than ten yuan. Therefore, good varieties come at a high cost. At the same time, many precise drip irrigation equipment in facility agriculture also mainly relies on imports.

Scientific planning and guidance to strengthen scientific and technological support

To solve the problem of big but not strong, standardized construction is undoubtedly very important. "To promote standardized production technology, we can promote high-quality varieties through the advancement of science and technology, promote the integration of water and fertilizer, and the treatment technology for continuous cropping obstacles. At the same time, scientific planning guides, and strives to optimize the layout of facility vegetables. According to resource endowments, production Condition, industrial base, especially water, temperature and other specific conditions, further optimize the layout of facilities, scientifically determine the appropriate type of facilities, and adapt to market demand.

Based on the forefront of the industry, focusing on the research and development of major key technologies of facility agriculture, organize scientific research units and enterprises to jointly carry out research on key problems, such as mechanization and intelligent new technologies and equipment, and strive to achieve breakthroughs as soon as possible.