Management points after tomato planting in autumn!

1. Temperature management

The temperature in autumn gradually changes from high to low. Except for rainy days, the greenhouse should be ventilated day and night. The temperature during the day should not be higher than 35 °C and the temperature at night should not be higher than 26 °C. When it rains, the top air vent should be closed in time, and it should be opened immediately after the rain stops. tuyere.

After the tomato enters the flowering and fruiting period, the suitable growth temperature is 28-30 °C during the day and not lower than 13 °C at night. After late September, the weather is getting cooler. When the temperature drops below 13°C, the air vents should be closed. After entering mid-October, the ventilation should be gradually reduced, and the air vents should be managed according to the principle of decreasing from large to small. In late October, the quilt should be put down at night to keep warm.

2. Light management

In the production of autumn and winter stubble, the light intensity is weak, and the film surface should be cleaned in time to reduce dust accumulation to increase the light transmittance. On sunny days after cloudy days, it is necessary to properly shade the plants to avoid physical damage to the plants. Generally, before the end of October, the light intensity should be increased as much as possible. Under the condition of ensuring the temperature of the greenhouse, the quilt should be uncovered early and covered late, and the light time should be extended as much as possible, so that the plants can see more light.

3. Water and fertilizer management

Excessive air humidity in the greenhouse can easily lead to the occurrence of pests and diseases. The use of drip irrigation technology under the film can effectively reduce the air humidity. After late September, the suitable watering time is in the morning, which is conducive to the recovery of ground temperature and the regulation of air humidity in the greenhouse.

In autumn, greenhouse tomatoes adhere to the principle of "small amount and many times" in the management of water and fertilizer. According to the characteristics of tomato fertilizer demand, fertilizer should be applied in the period of rapid expansion of each ear of fruit. Before the end of September, water and fertilizer should be applied every 5-7 days depending on the situation, and the amount of water should be controlled. At 8-10 m2/mu. After entering October, water and fertilize once every 7-10 days. After late October, the outside temperature decreases. In order to keep warm, the opening time of the tuyere is shortened, and the humidity in the greenhouse increases. The amount of water should be kept unchanged. Extend the watering interval to 13-15 days. Apply high potassium fertilizer 10-15 kg/mu with water, and apply foliar topdressing according to the situation in combination with pest control, and spray 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or special foliar fertilizer for tomato.

4. Plant adjustment

In autumn and winter greenhouse production, the humidity and temperature in the greenhouse are high in the early stage, and the temperature in the later stage is reduced and the light is weakened. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen plant adjustment and improve indoor ventilation conditions, focusing on the following aspects:

(1) Destroy the diseased leaves at the base in time, and thin the flowers and fruits in time;

(2) Strengthen the management of pruning: when the first panicle inflorescence is opened, the rope is suspended in time, and the two furrows are respectively lifted upright. Using the method of single-pole pruning, the first pruning and forking should be carried out when the lateral branches under the first inflorescence grow to 7-8cm to avoid leggy plants and promote root growth. Later, all lateral branches should be removed in time.

(3) When each ear of tomato fruit turns white, remove all leaves under the fruit and the upper part of the leaves, keep two leaves under the fruit of the previous ear, and harvest the fruit in time when it is mature.

5. Pest control

Agricultural control, physical control, biological control and other means are given priority to prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases, supplemented by chemical control. Pay attention to frequent observation, early detection, and timely prevention and control when spotting occurs. After entering October, due to the gradual reduction of ventilation and the increase of humidity in the greenhouse, low temperature and high humidity can easily lead to the occurrence of diseases such as gray mold and downy mildew. Therefore, the application of smoke drugs and insect-proof nets should be strengthened. At the same time, the insect-proof nets should be carefully inspected, and any loopholes should be remedied in time.