What are the core technologies of agricultural science and technology? Efficiency is productivity!

Under the pressure of increasingly scarce resources, pressing natural environment and continuous population growth, countries around the world are seeking agricultural solutions and developing more advanced, efficient and environmentally friendly agricultural technologies in order to meet future food needs.

In the process of promoting agricultural modernization in the world, both the American model with fewer people and more land and the Japanese model with more people and less land (concentrated in developed countries in Asia) are committed to changing the situation of low efficiency and high resource cost of traditional agriculture with the latest agricultural science and technology.

However, compared with the United States and other developed agricultural countries, there is still a certain gap in the agricultural resource endowment, the professionalization degree of labor, the level of agricultural machinery, agricultural science and technology and so on, so that the basic competitiveness of agriculture is weak. As a populous country with 21% of the world's population, China faces enormous population pressure. And per capita arable land and per capita water resources are also very poor, accounting for only 9% and 6% of the global total. Therefore, China's agricultural development is in great need of scientific and technological support. We should persist in placing agricultural scientific and technological innovation at the core of agricultural and rural development, take the road of modern agriculture, and develop ecological agriculture.

Although the gap is obvious, but the gap represents the opportunity and space to learn and improve. On this basis, based on China's national conditions and agricultural conditions, follow the laws of agricultural science and technology, find out the direction of breakthroughs in agricultural science and technology, and strive to solve the prominent scientific and technological problems that restrict agricultural innovation and development.

Scientific and technological innovation is the foundation, and key technological breakthroughs in agricultural science and technology should be accelerated. What are the key technologies? In accordance with the requirements of China to develop sustainable agriculture and green ecological agriculture, breeding technology, water-saving irrigation technology and soil quality improvement technology are the key core technologies for the development of agricultural industry.

Breakthroughs in these key core technologies need to be integrated with modern Internet of Things, automation, artificial intelligence and other high technologies to promote agricultural reform.

Internet of Things

Uavs and soil sensors provide field-to-field data, including variables such as soil moisture, nutrient levels, salinity, temperature, and soil organic matter, that can guide variable irrigation systems such as drip irrigation, on-demand water supply, and water conservation. Based on this field data, digital maps of fields can be generated to guide farmers in precisely applying fertilizers and managing pests and diseases.

Autonomous driving Technology

Automated agricultural machinery helps farmers complete sowing, planting and harvesting, improving production efficiency and alleviating labor shortages. Automatic tractors, for example, can produce perfectly straight seeding fields, down to the inch.

Robot

Agricultural robots are important helpers in the future of agriculture. Automatic harvesters, for example, can recognize and pick ripe apples, strawberries and tomatoes without damaging them. Agricultural robots can also automatically cruise farms, identify crop types and remove weeds.

4. Machine learning

Computers can learn to better protect crops by processing their visual characteristics, chemical characteristics, climate variables, thermal images and other information. Computers can also process the vast crop images collected by robots, satellites, drones and other devices, learn to distinguish healthy crops from early signs of crop behavior, and detect crop stress, disease occurrence and pest infection. In crop breeding, computers can be trained to identify crop trait expressions faster than the human eye.