Dutch agriculture is not worth learning from, but also depends on these points!

Although the Netherlands is a small country with little arable land and low soil fertility, it has been able to become the world's second largest agricultural exporter after the United States. And China's per capita arable land is less, the soil is more fertile than the Netherlands, why every year to import a large number of agricultural products from abroad?

1. What are the characteristics of Dutch agriculture?

First, facility agriculture. The Dutch agricultural facilities are very developed, the most famous is the glass greenhouse. In the suburbs of the Netherlands, concentrated greenhouses can be seen everywhere, and the scale of the general greenhouse can reach about 40 hectares.

Second, production and marketing docking, the development of order agriculture. Later, most farms adopted the order production, that is, the agricultural product broker signed an agreement with the farmer, and the order stipulated the quantity, quality and minimum protection price of agricultural products, so that the two sides enjoy the corresponding rights, obligations and binding force. Order farming enables agricultural products to have a clear market before production, and to a certain extent, it can avoid risks caused by price changes and market changes.

Third, the management mode of vegetables for different purposes is different. For example, two different planting standards are used to make salads and cooked foods for restaurants. The vegetables used in salad are of a higher standard, fresher and use less pesticides.

Fourth, the degree of mechanization is higher and more efficient. In glass greenhouses in the Netherlands, very little can be used manually, automated fertilization, automated irrigation, automated transportation.

Fifth, pay attention to soil health. In the integrated irrigation of water and fertilizer, in addition to collecting rainwater, some groundwater will be extracted, but because of the high salt content of the groundwater, it will be desalinated before irrigation.

Sixth, maintain the ecological cycle. In the Netherlands, breeding and planting are perfectly combined, the straw planted can be broken as food for livestock, and the manure of livestock can be used as fertilizer for planting.

2. What are the characteristics of China's agriculture?

First, facility agriculture is underdeveloped. Although we can obtain information about foreign facility agriculture from various sources, we cannot effectively translate this information into action. And the domestic talent in this area is still very few, the Netherlands has a hundred years of history of facility agriculture, while China is in its infancy.

Second, production and marketing docking faults. In our country, for small farmers, after the annual crop harvest, there will be some small buyers who walk home and lane to collect, but for large farmers, if they sell to small buyers, the price will not be very high.

Third, the degree of mechanization is low. Now most of the cash crops can only be harvested by hand, and large machines simply cannot work in the crop area.

Fourth, the ecological cycle cannot be maintained. In our country, the breeding and breeding areas are too large to be replenishable from each other, and many people are not aware of the way to return livestock waste to the field as fertilizer.

3. What reference does Dutch agriculture have to Chinese agriculture?

In fact, no matter in which aspect, we attach great importance to learning from other countries. As a big agricultural country, when we see other countries' agriculture is better than ours, we will learn humbly. Our glasshouse farming is not popular because our soil is more fertile than in the Netherlands and can be grown without glasshouse. However, our soil began to become barren after the continuous application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Many enterprises are now engaged in organic fertilizers, and farmers are beginning to try soilless cultivation, many of which are learned from the experience of the Netherlands.

In terms of production and marketing docking, for large growers, we must find a market for products. We can learn from the order agriculture in the Netherlands, and there are now some agricultural product sales platforms or agricultural product purchase shops in China. After negotiating with them about the acquisition standards and prices, we can start planting, or do our own e-commerce and sell our own products.

In terms of mechanization, we do not have small machines that can enter the economic crop areas with complex terrain, and labor costs are the biggest input for crop planting. We have also seen the use of drones and even robots in some areas to help crop dusting, bagging and picking, but the purchase or rental of machines, loss and repair also require funds. It also requires professional operators. But the mechanization of agriculture in the Netherlands must be the direction of agricultural development in the future.