Modern smart ecological agriculture: China's agricultural strategy in the next 30 years.

 Facing the goal of building China into a modern socialist power by 2050, the paper proposes that the basic strategy of "modern smart ecological agriculture" should be adhered to in the next 30 years.

The important way to solve the contradiction between supply and demand in the future is to improve the long-term agricultural total factor productivity

In the future, the total consumption of agricultural products in China will increase first and then decrease with the change of population size. It is expected that the total consumption of food will reach a peak around 2035 and then show a weakening trend. However, with the increase of income and the upgrading of consumption structure, residents' demand for the quality of agricultural products will be improved, and the food demand structure will shift towards high-quality, high-value, green and organic agricultural products. In the future, the consumption of high-protein products mainly based on aquaculture will further increase, and the demand for vegetables and fruits will be more diversified. Especially in terms of green organic food requirements will be higher.

In the future, further reducing the demand for agricultural labor and further improving agricultural labor productivity are the inevitable choices for agricultural development in the new era. At the same time, the development of modern technologies such as biotechnology, information technology, engineering technology and artificial intelligence has put forward higher requirements for the quality of agricultural labor force in the new era.

At present, China's resources and environment problems are still severe, such as tight constraints on soil and water resources, low resource utilization efficiency, and the quality of cultivated land decline. In addition, the risk of ecological function degradation is still there, such as the frequent occurrence of extreme climate disasters caused by climate change, the uniformity of agricultural structure, and the sharp decline of biological diversity. With the international agricultural development entering a new stage, to realize the continuous improvement and sustainable development of agricultural ecological functions, China's agriculture will continue to face the challenge of low carbon and green development.

Major developed countries are speeding up the deployment of smart agriculture, ecological agriculture and biological agriculture

The development of smart agricultural engineering technology has become the forefront of modern agricultural technology development in the world. Major developed countries in the world regard the deep integration of modern information technology and agriculture as an important driving force for innovative development, and have made forward-looking arrangements in cutting-edge technology research and development, open data sharing, and personnel training.

Modern intelligent ecological agriculture is the deep integration of information technology and agriculture

The development of modern smart ecological agriculture requires continuous innovation of information technology to enhance agriculture and innovative equipment technology to arm agriculture. Information technology can empower machines, make them more intelligent, and enhance human intelligence. From the perspective of application, smart agricultural technology can be summarized as animal and plant information acquisition technology, intelligent decision-making management of agricultural production, precise operation of agricultural activities, intelligent circulation of agricultural products, agricultural environment, "double carbon" monitoring and evaluation technology.

Intelligent equipment can strengthen tools and means to greatly improve agricultural production efficiency. In the future, China's agricultural equipment technology should meet the needs of intelligent and precise production of major food crops and cash crops, facility agriculture, animal husbandry, agricultural waste processing and utilization, and build an intelligent agricultural machinery technology and equipment system with information technology, Internet of Things technology, satellite positioning technology, and intelligent equipment technology as the core to achieve "machine replacement".