The development status and trend of "Expert view" facility agriculture mechanization

Facility agriculture mainly covers facility planting and facility breeding, and the core content involves facility horticulture. In the direction of facility planting, facility agriculture mainly involves the following aspects:

First, facilities for seedling production. Plant and seedling production covers almost the general direction of the whole agricultural production.

The second is facility experimental agriculture. At present, the study of plant phenotype is very hot, and we have put the methods and contents of phenotype research on facilities in various aspects of crop breeding, so as to overcome the interference of external environment, so there is a great momentum of development of facility experimental agriculture.

Development level of facility agriculture in advanced countries

(1) The development of new planting technologies and the vigorous introduction of industrial advanced technologies have greatly promoted the technical level of facility agriculture production.

(2) The production process of facility agriculture in the Netherlands for decades has interpreted the development of mechanization, equipment, automation, logistics to intelligent production.

Equipment production

(1) Further, it is from the development of equipment to automation, automation is on the basis of equipment production, to achieve unassisted automated operations, and the work completed by the equipment is a line.

(2) Intelligent production refers to the automation, information and iot management of production equipment operation control, environmental parameter monitoring, production material and quantity management and labor management through computer planting production management system on the basis of realizing logistics production.

Present situation of development of facilities production in our country

(1) China's planting scale of facility agriculture takes the first place in the world.

In terms of planting area, China's facility agriculture planting scale is second to no other in the world, and the total facility planting area accounts for 78% of the world, which is many times higher than the planting area of advanced countries such as Japan, the Netherlands, Israel and the United States.

(2) Our facilities are mainly planted with vegetables.

The object of cultivation is mainly vegetables, which account for 88% of the area planted in the facility. In second place were potted flowers at 6%, followed by fruit trees at 5%. Vegetable production occupies an absolute advantage in facility cultivation.

(3) China's facility production mechanization level

The production of facilities in China is mainly artificial, the tools used are very simple, there are matrix mixing, matrix filling, sowing, grafting in some production materials transportation and irrigation tools. Most of them use manual operation mode, so the overall level of mechanization is still relatively low.

China facilities production development suggestions

(1) China's facility production area accounts for the largest proportion of plastic greenhouses, therefore, the development of facility agriculture should give priority to the development of light and simplified production machinery, only to effectively improve the technical level of plastic greenhouses production, in order to make China's facility agriculture production capacity has been effectively enhanced.

(2) Facility construction, planting mode, production materials and other factors should meet the conditions of suitable operation factors, which is an important basis for realizing the mechanization of facility agriculture.

(3) The development of greenhouse logistics transportation equipment should be increased to lay the foundation for improving the overall mechanization level of facility planting and production.

(4) The competent institutions of facility agriculture should strengthen efforts to promote the integration of agricultural machinery and agriculture in facility production, formulate standardized planting patterns and standardized production materials such as hole plates and seedbeds, and guide the development and production of key products through subsidies.