Unmanned farm new model of future agriculture

In recent years, China's agricultural development is also constantly updated and iterated, Internet agriculture, smart agriculture, digital agriculture, intelligent agriculture these novel technical words have also begun to be inseparable from agriculture. From relying on people, relying on machinery, to relying on data, relying on artificial intelligence, robots... Every step is also human progress. In recent years, the process of urbanization has accelerated the objective status quo of "young people do not want to do agriculture" and "no one does agriculture". Then "machine replacing people" has become one of the most successful landing modes in line with the current situation, which must be "unmanned farms".

Core technology of unmanned farm

If unmanned farms want to achieve "unmanned", they need to achieve the comprehensive application of technology, science and technology, digital, artificial intelligence, machines, information technology and other technologies. Its core technology has the following aspects:

Internet of Things technology: ensure the environment for the growth of plants and animals, dynamically perceive the growth state of plants and animals, provide key parameters, and obtain technical parameters to provide reliable assurance to ensure real-time communication between equipment.

Cloud computing Big Data technology: Provide the processing technology of farm multi-source heterogeneous data, carry out processing methods such as eliminating rough and storing fine, eliminating fake and preserving true, and classifying. Mine and analyze numerous data to form a regular farm management knowledge base, store all kinds of data, and form historical data for learning and calling at any time for management and control. Moreover, it can be combined with cloud computing technology and edge computing technology to form efficient computing power. Ensure quick response of farm operations, especially machine operations.

Artificial intelligence technology: the equipment side identification, learning, navigation and operation capabilities, on the other hand for the farm cloud management and control platform to provide search, learning, mining, reasoning and decision-making technology based on big data, complex calculation and reasoning are solved by the cloud platform, to the equipment with intelligent brain.

Agricultural robotic equipment: the heart of the unmanned farm. With the support of Internet of Things technology, cloud computing, artificial intelligence technology and 5G information technology, intelligent equipment and intelligent agricultural machinery such as plant protection drones, rice transplanters, harvesters and pickers have successfully replaced "people", executing relevant commands and operations, and completing agricultural operations such as sowing, farming, pest monitoring, harvesting and picking.

Unmanned farm type

Unmanned field: The earliest type of unmanned farm. At present, China's agricultural machinery automatic navigation driving system has begun to scale promotion and application in field planting, with the maturity of application technology and the improvement of decision-making model accuracy, in the next fourteen Five-Year period, China's field planting in the quality of equipment, types of machinery, intelligent level of development and upgrading trend will be accelerated.

Unmanned orchard: Through the introduction and innovation of network room protective cultivation, European virude-free seedlings, low anvils and wide rows of dense planting cultivation, full mechanization management, agricultural Internet of things and other advanced technologies, to achieve the integrated application and demonstration of standardized orchard production technology. In the future, unmanned orchards need to further technology integration and innovation, develop ground sensors, high-resolution space and aerial image multi-dimensional perception, real-time data collection and return, to achieve timely and comprehensive understanding of orchard production conditions; Carry out research on the digitalization of fruit production, storage, transportation and sales, formulate digitalization standards for each link, and realize the digitalization of the whole chain of fruit industry; Through cloud services, edge computing equipment, and intelligent operation front-end equipment, a new model of agricultural intelligent operation with cloud-edge integration is realized.

Unmanned greenhouse: is a collection of digital, intelligent in one of the unmanned greenhouse planting. At present, China's plant factory R & D and product level characterized by soilless cultivation, three-dimensional planting and automatic management are more advanced, and it has complete sets of technical equipment with independent intellectual property rights, but the mechanization rate of facility agriculture in China is only about 30%. Therefore, during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, China's unmanned greenhouse needs to further improve the automation, intelligent, mechanization level of facility cultivation production technology, from the environmental control automation, unmanned production process, intelligent classification packaging and other key aspects of the development of facilities agricultural robots with independent intellectual property rights.

Unmanned farm policy boost

Agriculture has been heavily influenced by policy. Every change comes from the traction or boost of policy. In recent years, in order to solve the problem of farming, governments and industry departments at all levels have introduced and landed "smart demonstration farms", "unmanned farms" and other relevant policies to promote the development of "unmanned farms".

As early as October 2020, the state issued the relevant documents of the 14th Five-Year Plan and the Proposals for the long-term goals of 2035, proposing that "through agricultural big data and artificial intelligence and other technologies, innovation and development of agricultural intelligent equipment, improve the use of credit information and knowledge level and management decision-making ability of agriculture-related personnel, The core solution is to solve the problems of bottleneck and short board technology, rural labor shortage, high labor costs, and ensure agricultural safety, autonomy and control."

In February 2021, the national level also issued the Opinions on Comprehensively Promoting Rural Revitalization and Accelerating Agricultural and Rural Modernization, proposing to "establish a big data system for agriculture and rural areas, and promote the deep integration of a new generation of information technology and agricultural production and operation."

In May this year, under the guidance of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, China released its first technology roadmap for smart agricultural machinery. The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology pointed out that by the end of the "14th Five-Year Plan", the main food crops in China's plain area will be fully popularized with navigation technology and intelligent agricultural machinery equipment with automatic walking ability, and in the concentrated large-scale farms in the plain area, intelligent agricultural machinery with a high degree of autonomous walking ability and fully autonomous walking ability will become the main operation. To form a number of commercial unmanned farms.